Acne – Treatment and Tips (The Complete Guide to understanding Acne)

Introduction and Fast Facts

• Acne or Pimples is a common skin problem, with up to 85% of people suffering at some point in their lives.
• Whiteheads, blackheads, pimples, cysts, and nodules are all different types of acne.
• Although It is commonly found in young age and resolves soon after, around 20% suffer for the rest of their lives.
• Most people afflicted with acne will have mild indications with occasional acne breakouts whereas only a few will have much more severe acne problem.
• It is also not necessary that only people with oily skin will suffer from it.
• It is crucial that acne treatment is given effectively and as early as possible to prevent acne marks or scars.

   

What is wrong with my skin? (simplest explanation ever)

On enough magnification, we see that the skin-surface has numerous pores. They are like tunnels lined by skin cells through which fine hair emerge. Tiny Oil-secreting glands aka Sebaceous Glands, are present near these pores and empty into it. The oily substance produced by these sebaceous glands is called sebum. Sebum keeps our skin soft and helps to retain moisture.

To keep the long story short, the main problem causing all types of acne is that these sebaceous glands get blocked, and sebum starts to collect inside them.

Unlike popular beliefs, these pores do not get blocked by dirt or anything. Genetic factors play a significant role in over-multiplication of skin cells that line the insides of the pores and clog them. Different additional factors like male hormone levels, high sugar diet, milk products, a few medications, and comedogenic makeup material may trigger changes in the already affected cells resulting in acne.

Understanding the different types of acne(in simple terms)

• A blocked pore is called a Comedo(plural Comedones).
• When the blockage is beneath the skin, it becomes a Whitehead Comedo.
• Blackheads are formed when the blockage extends all the way to the external pore. As the name suggests these are black in colour, but that black part is not dirt it is made up of dead skin cells mixed with oxidized oils.
• The collected sebum is a good source of nutrition for the skin bacteria which start multiplying rapidly. As a result, our body mounts an inflammatory response. This is the stage where tender or itchy red bumps aka pimples or zits appear.
• Over time pus collects inside forming nodules. These enlarge to become pustules which discharge on the outside.
• Sometimes a pustule does not break and gradually resolves into a cyst.

Not everybody develops severe acne. Most of the people have milder forms which show sudden episodes of increased activity.

What causes acne(for sure)?

Factors that may or may not cause acne

Treatment and Tips for acne

The most important point, worth a million bucks, is to remember that acne has something to do with your genes. No one can get rid of acne completely. All we attempt to do is regulate the skin cells and eliminate any known factors that might exacerbate the condition. When you think about the treatment, you are looking at a life full of healthy habits and regular visits to your doctor. I know its a bummer, but it is what it is.

The second most important point worth remembering is that all pimples heal with a scar. So your treatment should begin this very moment. Try to prevent pimples in the first place rather than struggle to get rid of the acne-scars later.

Now, Instead of writing a textbook on ‘acne-treatment’ we have summarised the treatment path you need to take right now depending upon the severity of your acne. Followed by some great and practical tips.

Mild Acne – Whiteheads, Blackheads and a few Pimples now and then

Visit your doctor. Yes, you read it right. Even the mildest form of acne requires specialist care. You don’t want it to increase any further hoping that the best home remedy that you are trying will one day produce miracles. Don’t forget all pimples heal with a scar.
Usually, the treatment for mild acne goes like this,

• Clean your face with a mild soap gently twice every day.
• If your face collects oil quickly and you need to look your best use a benzoyl peroxide based swipe gently to wipe your face. These also have antibacterial properties which prevent bacterial buildup.
• Check out the tips below to change your lifestyle.

Severe Acne – Mild acne plus the continuous presence of pimples. New ones appear before the old ones heal properly

Anything more than a single blister is to be considered severe. Not because it is life threatening but because it has the potential to scar your face forever which is a good enough reason to be concerned and warrants an urgent visit to your doctor.

Usually, the treatment involves oral medications, prescription ointments, and a simple, healthy lifestyle.

• You need to follow the steps outlined for mild acne.
• Take the prescription medication your doctor has prescribed, which usually includes antibiotics to control active infections for up to a week.
• Prescription medication may also include isotretinoin to check skin cell activity. But be careful to discuss any other medical condition you may be suffering from. Some drugs are not safe in pregnant females. Talk to your doctor about it and never use prescription drugs without medical supervision.
• Cosmetic treatments such as superficial chemical peels and laser / IPL treatment can help regulate skin cell function and reduce bacterial load aiding quick recovery.

Very severe acne – you know when you see one.

You are in pain, and we hope you are already sitting at your physician’s office right now.
Your treatment will involve lots of medicines and an overly anxious doctor with an ‘Omg’ expression on the face. Trust us; medication is the only answer. Stay miles away from home remedies; they have already lost.

Your treatment would more or less go like this.

• You need to follow the steps outlined for mild acne as well as some special ones suggested by the doctor.
• Prescription Antibiotics for up to a week. Prescription Tablets of Isotretinoin for a few weeks. Use it religiously; it is essential.
• Quite a few ointments to be applied on your face. Each one using some unique technique definitely at some odd hour of the day.

What the doctors aim is to bring your acne down to a less severe stage, then actively use cosmetic techniques such as chemical peels or lasers to accelerate healing and hope to minimise scarring.

Acne treatment takes time and a lot of effort on your part. There are no overnight solutions or magic treatments. Be patient.

Some great Tips for a healthy, acne free skin

What is a good basic skin regimen?

Do’s and don’ts of acne management

• Never burst your pimples. It will leave an ugly scar. 
• Wash gently with soap and apply topical ointment as directed by your doctor.
• Don’t touch your face too often. Your fingers aren’t always clean.
• Wash your hands before applying any lotions or ointments or even makeup over your skin.
• Use Spa and exfoliation services sparingly especially if you have an active infection. First, they directly damage your skin and second non-medicated treatments may result in cross infections worsening acne.
• Clean your spectacles regularly as they collect sebum and skin residue.
• If you have acne on the back, shoulders, or chest, wear loose clothing.
• Avoid tight garments, such as headbands, caps, and scarves, or wash them regularly if used.
• Choose makeup for sensitive skin and avoid oil-based products. Always remove makeup before going to sleep.
• Keep your hair clean dandruff free. Small particles of dandruff that settle on your forehead and face contain bacteria and fungi.
• Your cell phone is not as clean as you would want it to be. It is likely to have sweat, sebum and skin cell residue. Hold it away from your cheeks.
• Avoid excessive sun exposure. Use a gel based sunscreen.
• Meditate! Avoid anxiety and stress, as it can increase production of cortisol and adrenaline, which exacerbate acne.
• Exercise helps counter stress. Exercise helps the skin by increasing blood circulation. Just remember to take a quick shower right after that.
• Sleep well, an adult requires 7 to 9 hours of sleep daily. Each hour of lost sleep increases psychological stress by 10%. Lack of sleep also weakens your immune system.